Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the lungs and can cause difficulty breathing. Symptoms of asthma can include coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis of asthma typically involves a physical exam, breathing tests, and a review of your medical history. Treatment for asthma can include medications, environmental control, and lifestyle changes. In some cases, an inhaler or other medical device may be used to help manage asthma symptoms and prevent asthma attacks.